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Therefore, we have proposed an approach that integrates multiple lines of evidence derived from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies, enabling the shortcomings of each experimental system to be addressed with data derived from other systems to compare the effects of a cMRTP aerosol with those of cigarette smoke on the key steps of the causal chain of events linking smoking to disease

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The survey also highlighted a positive progression in the perception of smoking as " dangerous by adolescents (83.9% in 2017, compared to 78.9% in 2016)