iv = intravenous administration
This finding along with the more recent finding of the historic use of mercury in high fructose corn syrup [55] is of particular significance today with respect to neurodevelopmental disorders since there is now evidence that autism can be caused by a biochemical abnormality that disables the metal clearing function of the zinc dependent metallothionein (MT) protein [6164] and zinc deficiency plays a role in ADHD [10, 11]
Therefore, the structural initiating injury caused by membrane lipid peroxidation is amplified through metabolism/mitochondria, promoting DNA damage and protein inactivation, ultimately forming a functional collapse chain spanning motilitycapacitationfertilization. In summary, oxidative stress, through the triple blow of membrane lipid peroxidationDNA fragmentationprotein functional inactivation/metabolic obstruction, acts synergistically on the structurally fragile human sperm, constituting the molecular pathological basis of CP-related male fertility decline ( Figure 3 )
Irradiation and Drug Treatments X-ray irradiation was performed at room temperature with X-RAD 320 X-Ray Biological Irradiator (Precision X-ray, North Branford, CT, USA) using 320 kV, 12.5 mA, a 1.65 mm aluminum filter and a dose rate of 3.40 Gy/min with the cells in a distance of 50 cm were or the X-ray generator ISO-DEBYEFLEXVOLT 3003 with an industrial X-ray tube 160 M1/10-55 with installed shutter (15b) operated at 35kV and 80mA (GE Sensing & Inspection Technologies GmbH & Co.KG, Ahrensburg, Germany)
