FAD, flavin adenine dinucleotide
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Keywords Theophylline Toxicology Sources: bronchodilator for asthma & COPD Mechanism of Action: Theophylline is methylxanthine (similar to caffiene) & exerts most of its effects by antagonizing adenosine receptors similar to caffiene It can also inhibit phosphodiesterase at toxic concentrations (whether PDE inhibition contributes to its effects in humans is unclear) It affects the cardiovascular (CV), neurological, GI, and metabolic systems Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and acidosis commonly occur after an acute overdose Medication, diet, and underlying diseases can alter its narrow therapeutic window Adverse effects can be evident at therapeutic serum levels Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain .(Think of an overdose of caffiene) mild metabolic acidosis hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia hyperglycemia sinus tachycardia (& tremors) seizures hypotension arrhythmias Treatment: ABCs Aggressive gut decontamination with repeated doses of activated charcoal & whole bowel irrigation Propranolol or other beta blockers can block a beta-mediated sinus tachycardia & hypotension Phenobarbital is prefered over phenytoin for treatment of convulsions
Danielle Lillian Kasselder, junior, Deans List, College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, animal science
