The following can increase urine phosphate levels: High-phosphate diet (soft drinks and pre-packaged food) [71] Elevated parathyroid hormone levels (hyperparathyroidism) [72] Vitamin D, potassium, or iron deficiency [72, 71, 73] Insulin-dependent diabetes [74, 75] Low blood pH (metabolic or respiratory acidosis) [71, 76, 77] Liver surgery [78] Multiple myeloma [79] Some rare genetic disorders [80, 72, 72] Medication [81, 82, 71, 83, 84, 85] The following can decrease urine phosphate levels: Low-phosphate diet (including conditions of malabsorption, diarrhea, and starvation) [71] Phosphate binders, meds used to decrease the absorption of phosphate in the gut [86] Low parathyroid hormone levels (hypoparathyroidism) [72, 87] Vitamin D toxicity [88] Chronic kidney disease [72] High blood pH (respiratory alkalosis) [89] Some hereditary disorders [72] Causes shown above are commonly associated with high and low phosphate levels
PloS One (2019) 14(4):e0215301
Retrieved 13 May 2020
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