glutathione peroxidase deficiency gpx1 peroxidedoxine deficiency prdx3 - an overview The Role of Glutathione Peroxidase-1

Antioxidant molecules including N -acetylcysteine, alpha-lipoic acid, metallothioneins, and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, as well as overexpression of catalase or glutathione peroxidase, blunt ROS-driven NF-B activation and underscore its role as a redox-sensitive transcription factor [20]

Vitiligo: A focus on pathogenesis and its therapeutic implications

Furthermore, KEAP1 can be S-sulfhydrated by H 2 S at the cysteine-226 and cysteine-613 residues, which will inactivate KEAP1, release NRF2, and encourage the production of NRF2-dependent genes [113]

Hence, exogenous lactate stabilizes HIF-1 by acting as a substrate for pyruvate production, and a high lactate concentration in the TME ensures the transcriptional activation of tumor-promoting genes in all tumor cells regardless of oxygen supply