glutathione peroxidase 1 located where GPX1 - an overview mechanism of action of glutathione

Zhu J, Sun R, Sun K, Yan C, Jiang J, Kong F, et al

Clinically, Se deficiency correlates with mitochondrial dysfunction and pathological accumulation of ROS/mtROS in chondrocytes, which contributes to OA progression, as evidenced by significantly lower serum Se levels in OA patients compared to healthy controls [20]

Moreover, by targeting inflammatory pathways such as NF-B and HIF-1, and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, mainly IL-6 and TNF-, these compounds protect against melanocyte loss characteristic of this disorder 150,151

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of cancer: in fact, high levels of ROS generated by ongoing aerobic glycolysis followed by pyruvate oxidation in mitochondria (the Warburg effect), increase receptor and oncogene activity, and the stimulation of growth factor-dependent pathways or oxidizing enzymes induce genetic instability 3,4