l carnitine tmao conversion Dietary allicin reduces transformation of L-carnitine to through impact on gut microbiota γ–Butyrobetaine is a pro-atherogenic intermediate
Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC Frontiers Gut Metabolite Trimethylamine N Oxide in Atherosclerosis: From Mechanism to Therapy Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link Revisiting the Role of Carnitine in Heart Disease Through the Lens of the Gut Microbiota PMC
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