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The chemical state and configuration of Cu were investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy from Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), BL14W beamline

The injection route provides higher systemic exposure and has been used for broader anti-aging goals, but it doesn't specifically target scalp follicles unless combined with scalp microinjections (intradermal mesotherapy), which requires clinical administration

BioFactors 15:2738 Estevez H, Garcia-Lidon JC, Luque-Garcia JL, Camara C (2014) Effects of chitosan-stabilized selenium nanoparticles on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle pattern in HepG2 cells: comparison with other selenospecies

Also, the expression of the DNA repair enzyme OGG1 is often reduced in NS workers, with increased DNA strand breaks and lowered repair-genes expression measured in blood mononuclear cells from NS physicians compared to DS ones 70,71