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Based on this assumption, several studies evaluated the efficacy of pharmacological compounds modulating key neurotransmitter systems, including glutamatergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic, and cholinergic signaling, to alleviate ASD-like phenotypes

injection of 3% thioglycollate

4 Gut microbiota-derived metabolites and depression Bacterial compounds found in the gut can enter the bloodstream affect brain regions and can interact with nearby gut components like hormonal cells or neurons, which can subsequently send signals to the brain (161)

The anti-inflammatory effects alone provide substantial relief